CRAMS service expansion: which option correctly identifies the full expansion?

CRAMS service expansion: which option correctly identifies the full expansion?

• A. Contract Development and Manufacturing Services
• B. Contract Research and Marketing Services
• C. Contract Regulation and Manufacturing Services
• D. Contract Research and Manufacturing Services

Answer: (D)

CRAMS stands for Contract Research and Manufacturing Services. This term specifically describes outsourcing both the research activities (R&D, discovery through parts of development) and the manufacturing of drug substances and products to external firms. That combination—research plus manufacturing under contract—defines the CRAMS model, which is why this option is the best fit. The alternatives use “Development” or “Marketing,” which shifts the scope away from the standard sense of teaming up for research and production on a contract basis.

CRAMS stands for Contract Research and Manufacturing Services. This term specifically describes outsourcing both the research activities (R&D, discovery through parts of development) and the manufacturing of drug substances and products to external firms. That combination—research plus manufacturing under contract—defines the CRAMS model, which is why this option is the best fit. The alternatives use “Development” or “Marketing,” which shifts the scope away from the standard sense of teaming up for research and production on a contract basis.